 |
Vanguard ETF: |  |
7.4%* |
|
Diversified Core: | |
8.1%* |
|
Six Core Asset ETFs: | |
7.3%* |
Articles on FSLBX
- 403B Investments: University of California Retirement Savings Program Review
09/16/2011
University of California systems is the largest public university system in the nation. It provides its faculties and staff 457(b) deferred compensation, defined contribution and 403(b) tax deferred plans with UC Core Funds and a set of supplemental low cost funds from Vanguard, Dimensional Funds and Dreyfus. Please refer to its annual report of June 2010 for more information.
This report reviews University of California Retirement Savings Program plan. We discuss its investment options and presents the plan rating by MyPlanIQ. Asset allocation investment portfolios are examined. We then show how plan participants in University of California Retirement Savings Program can achieve reasonable investment results using portfolio management and risk management strategies for their 401k investments.
We form University of California Retirement Savings Program using funds reported in the annual report. UC Core funds are represented by corresponding Vanguard index funds as proxies.
The plan consists of 15 funds. These funds enable participants to gain exposure to 5 major assets: US Equity, Foreign Equity, REITs, Emerging Market Equity, Fixed Income.
Asset Class Ticker Name SMALL BLEND VSMAX Vanguard Small Cap Index Adm DIVERSIFIED EMERGING MKTS DFEMX DFA Emerging Markets I REAL ESTATE VGSLX Vanguard REIT Index Adm LARGE GROWTH VFTSX Vanguard FTSE Social Index Inv ROOT CASH CASH Short-Term Bond VBISX Vanguard Short-Term Bond Index Inv Intermediate-Term Bond VBTLX Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Adm SHORT GOVERNMENT STABLEVALUE STABLEVALUE LARGE BLEND IWV iShares Russell 3000 Index LARGE BLEND VFINX Vanguard 500 Index Investor Foreign Large Blend EFA iShares MSCI EAFE Index Inflation-Protected Bond VIPSX Vanguard Inflation-Protected Secs Inv Moderate Allocation CFUNX C/Funds:C/Fund As of Sep 15, 2011, this plan investment choice is rated as average based on MyPlanIQ Plan Rating methodology that measures the effectiveness of a plan's available investment funds. It has the following detailed ratings:
Diversification -- Rated as above average (84%)
Fund Quality -- Rated as below average (24%)
Portfolio Building -- Rated as above average (78%)
Overall Rating: average (64%)The plan has a good diversification score as it covers the five major asset classes. In the US stock asset class, it has small and large cap style funds. All of these are low cost index funds.
The chart and table below show the historical performance of moderate model portfolios employing strategic and tactical asset allocation strategies. For comparison purpose, we also include the moderate model portfolios of a typical 5 asset SIB (Simpler Is Better) plan . This SIB plan has the following candidate index funds and their ETFs equivalent:
US Equity: SPY or VTI
Foreign Equity: EFA or VEU
REITs: IYR or VNQ or ICF
Emerging Market Equity: EEM or VWO
Fixed Income: AGG or BND
Performance chart (as of Sep 15, 2011)Performance table (as of Sep 15, 2011)
Portfolio Name 1Yr AR 1Yr Sharpe 3Yr AR 3Yr Sharpe 5Yr AR 5Yr Sharpe University of California Retirement Savings Program Tactical Asset Allocation Moderate 2% 40% 12% 95% 11% 87% University of California Retirement Savings Program Strategic Asset Allocation Moderate 3% 22% 6% 22% 5% 19% Five Core Asset ETF Benchmark Tactical Asset Allocation Moderate 6% 61% 10% 76% 9% 64% Five Core Asset ETF Benchmark Strategic Asset Allocation Moderate 4% 27% 6% 22% 4% 15% In the last 5 year time span, the UC Plan beats the SIB 5 core portfolios in both strategic and tactical asset allocation categories. This indicates that extra minor asset classes (such as small/large cap) do provide additional opportunities for better portfolio management and risk management.
To summarize, participants in University of California Retirement Savings Program plan can achieve reasonable investment returns by adopting asset allocation strategies that are tailored to their risk profiles. Diversification and proper risk management are the two major key factors in retirement investments (in this case, 403b investments).
Symbols: SPX, QQQQ, IWV, EFA, VTI, VEU, VWO, VNQ, BND, VSMAX, DFEMX, VGSLX, VFTSX, VBISX, VBTLX, VFINX, VIPSX, CFUNX, FSLBX, Retirement Investments, 403b Investments, Portfolio Management, Risk Management
- Morningstar's 401K Clone Begs the Question- What about Managed Funds?
02/27/2011
We have already examined the Morningstar 401K plan. We explained why it is a model of plan creation - providing a manageable number of funds with broad asset class exposure that enables portfolios that can deliver solid returns. We also provided an ETF clone which enabled portfolios that underperformed the original.
Performance chart (as of Feb 25, 2011)
Performance table (as of Feb 25, 2011)
Portfolio Name
1Yr AR
1Yr Sharpe
3Yr AR
3Yr Sharpe
5Yr AR
5Yr Sharpe
Morningstar 401K ETF Clone Tactical Asset Allocation Moderate
15%
112%
8%
63%
11%
75%
Morningstar 401K ETF Clone Strategic Asset Allocation Moderate
17%
155%
3%
14%
6%
30%
Morningstar Inc 401K Plan Tactical Asset Allocation Moderate
22%
168%
13%
121%
14%
125%
Morningstar Inc 401K Plan Strategic Asset Allocation Moderate
15%
178%
3%
22%
5%
35%
The chart is a little misleading as the ETF Clone has fewer choices until recently because of the newness of the ETF funds. If we look at the table and consider just the five year return figures we can see that the strategic asset allocation returns are similar but there is an additional 3% garnered from the original.
This has prompted further analysis of the funds which we present here.
We tracked returns for all of the funds used in each portfolio over 5, 3 and 1 years. Some of the ETFs are sufficiently new that there wasn't five year data. We then created a score which was the summation of the five year number multiplied by three, the three year number multiplied by 1.5 and the one year number.
Name
5 year AR (%)
3 year AR (%)
1 year AR (%)
ETF Score
Mu Fund Score
PowerShares DB Commodity Index Tracking
5.97
(4.76)
20.50
31%
PIMCO Commodity Real Ret Strat Instl
2.32
(8.45)
20.85
15%
SPDR S&P Emerging Markets Small Cap
8.69
(0.04)
18.93
45%
American Funds New World A
8.29
(0.21)
17.00
42%
Oppenheimer Developing Markets Y
(2.86)
(7.95)
25.22
5%
Vanguard Emerging Markets Stock ETF
17.45
17%
SPDR Barclays Capital High Yield Bond
4.15
6.89
11.89
35%
PIMCO High Yield Instl
5.51
6.10
7.11
33%
PIMCO Real Return Instl
5.40
4.34
5.44
28%
iShares Barclays TIPS Bond
4.10
2.46
4.06
20%
iShares Barclays Aggregate Bond
5.28
5.05
3.76
27%
PIMCO Total Return Instl
8.07
8.64
6.61
44%
iShares Barclays Interm Govt/Credit Bond
3.12
2.53
7%
Loomis Sayles Bond Instl
6.35
4.82
8.32
35%
STABLEVALUE
3.96
3.07
(0.21)
16%
iShares Barclays 1-3 Year Treasury Bond
3.65
1.99
1.07
15%
Vanguard Short-Term Bond ETF
1.08
0.90
3%
Vanguard Short-Term Bond Index Inv
4.36
2.87
0.10
17%
Vanguard Europe Pacific ETF
(2.68)
17.45
13%
Vanguard International Growth Adm
4.04
(1.26)
21.65
32%
iShares MSCI EAFE Value Index
(0.66)
(4.69)
12.77
4%
TweedyBrowne Global Value
2.87
1.38
13.75
24%
Morgan Stanley Real Estate I
2.55
2.13
34.01
45%
Vanguard REIT Index ETF
2.09
2.26
33.32
43%
Fidelity Select Brokerage & Invmt Mgmt
(1.09)
(1.28)
15.23
10%
Financial Select Sector SPDR
(10.63)
(12.91)
15.61
-36%
iShares Russell 3000 Index
1.91
1.28
21.97
30%
Oakmark I
4.75
5.85
17.86
41%
Selected American Shares S
1.35
(1.68)
15.91
17%
Vanguard Dividend Appreciation ETF
3.37
18.54
24%
Vanguard Institutional Index Instl
2.11
0.16
19.63
26%
Vanguard Total Stock Market ETF
2.57
1.55
23.38
33%
Calvert Social Index I
1.71
1.66
23.25
31%
Harbor Capital Appreciation Instl
3.15
4.35
20.33
36%
Vanguard Mega Cap 300 Gr Index ETF
3.25
23.65
29%
Vanguard Growth ETF
3.25
2.33
22.48
36%
American Funds Washington Mutual R5
1.68
(1.10)
16.74
20%
Vanguard Value ETF
2.03
(0.60)
19.16
24%
Brandywine
1.16
(3.55)
36.42
35%
iShares Russell Midcap Growth Index
4.55
5.27
38.04
60%
PRIMECAP Odyssey Aggressive Growth
6.64
9.56
18.72
53%
Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth ETF
3.45
36.71
42%
Vanguard Selected Value Inv
4.65
4.17
23.07
43%
Vanguard Mid-Cap Value ETF
3.77
23.68
29%
iShares S&P Moderate Allocation
9.73
10%
Vanguard STAR Inv
3.61
2.57
12.85
28%
T. Rowe Price Small-Cap Stock
5.52
10.67
38.04
71%
Vanguard Small Cap ETF
4.14
6.49
31.92
54%
Allianz NFJ Small Cap Value Instl
6.67
5.67
28.03
57%
Vanguard Small Cap Value ETF
2.50
4.42
25.69
40%
Instead of looking at each fund individually, we added the scores in each of the major asset classes together:
Asset Class
ETF Score
Mutual Fund Score
MF/ETF
Delta
US Equities
4.20
4.22
0%
International Equities
0.17
0.56
228%
Emerging Markets
0.62
0.46
-26%
Real Estate
0.43
0.45
4%
Commodities
0.31
0.15
-52%
Fixed Income
1.07
1.73
62%
This gives us some insight on the different portfolios.
- US equity returns are running neck and neck - indicating that to improve the returns of the ETF portfolio, looking at the US equities should only be undertaken when the other asset classes have been examined
- There is a significant gap in the international equities. The Vanguard Europe Pacific ETF looks like it will help but this is an area for shoring up the ETF portfolio
- The Emerging Market ETF outperforms the original so, while it may be better to improve performance, that is a secondary task
- Real estate runs neck and neck so look at that later
- Commodities, the ETFs are running ahead so, again, we can look at that later
- Fixed income is probably the biggest area where the difference is explained. It is the largest single asset category in terms of funds invested (in most cases) and there is a significant difference between the two. The original plan has two of the leading managed fixed income funds which shows consistently higher performance.
The takeaway is that to look to improve returns from the Clone ETF, focus needs to be applied on international and fixed income asset classes.
As we go through this exercise, this will bring to the fore a elephant in the ETF space - are there times when managed funds do outperform indexed funds - intuitively it would seem so and fixed income in this market seems to suggest itself as a prime example.
We will examine this deeper in an upcoming article
Disclosure:
MyPlanIQ does not have any business relationship with the company or companies mentioned in this article. It does not set up retirement plans. The performance data of portfolios mentioned above are obtained through historical simulation and are hypothetical.
Symbols:DBC,PCRIX,EWX,NEWFX,ODVYX,VWO,JNK,PHIYX,PRRIX,TIP,AGG,PTTRX,GVI,LSBDX,PRWBX,SHY,BSV,VBISX,VEA,VWILX,EFV,TBGVX,REFDX,VNQ,FSLBX,XLF,IWV,OAKMX,SLASX,VIG,VINIX,VTI,CISIX,HACAX,MGK,VUG,RWMFX,VTV,BRWIX,IWP,POAGX,VOT,VASVX,VOE,AOM,VGSTX,OTCFX,VB,PSVIX,VBR,
